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California's climate varies widely, from warm weather to subarctic climate depending on latitude, elevation, and proximity to the coast. Coastal regions, the Sierra Nevada foothills, and much of the Central Valley have a Mediterranean climate, with significantly warmer temperatures and less rainfall in the summer, more rainfall in the winter. The influence of the ocean generally moderates temperature extremes. The coastal climate has warm summers, mild or cool winters. ==Temperature range== The cool California Current offshore, enhanced by upwelling of cold sub-surface waters, often creates summer fog near the coast, creating a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification ''Csb''). Further inland, the climate becomes more continental, with some areas turning semi-arid (Köppen ''BSk''), with colder winters and markedly hotter summers. Low-lying inland valleys, especially the Central Valley, have a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen ''Csa''), with subtropical temperatures but a well-defined summer dry season and a foggy, rainy season in winter. The temperature gradient between immediate coast and low-lying inland valleys in the south is about 7 °F (4 °C) in winter (the coast being warmer) and in summer roughly 25 °F (14 °C) (the interior being warmer). However, during the cooler winter months (October-March) the Coachella Valley regularly has the warmest winter temperatures out of any place west of the Rocky Mountains. East Los Angeles, Gateway cities, and parts of San Gabriel Valley region averages the warmest winter high temps (72 °F) in all of the western U.S., and Santa Monica averages the warmest winter lows (52 °F) in all of the western U.S. Palm Springs, a city in the Coachella Valley, averages high/low/mean temperatures of 75 °F/50 °F/63 °F, (24 °C/10 °C/17 °C) respectively during the period of cooler weather from November to April.〔(1981-2010 Monthly Climate Normals )〕 The temperature difference is most dramatic nearer the coast. For example, the average daily high in San Francisco in July and August is , and in Walnut Creek, some inland, the average daily high in July and August is ; a temperature gain of approximately one degree (Fahrenheit) per mile.〔(Average temperatures in San Francisco ) compared to (average temperatures in Walnut Creek ).〕 In the south, the figures are approximately 4 °F and 23 °F (2 °C and 13 °C), respectively. At the Santa Monica coast, the average high in August is , while in Burbank, approximately inland, the average high in August is ; a temperature gain over one degree Fahrenheit per mile.〔(Average temperatures in Santa Monica ) compared to (average temperatures in Burbank ).〕 The temperature gradient is most extreme between Santa Barbara and Death Valley, with temperatures between the two differing by 4 °F and 35 °F (2 °C and 20 °C) in the winter and summer. The extreme southwest, around San Diego, has a semi-arid warm steppe climate (Koppen ''BSh'') as winters are drier there. In San Bernardino winter lows average and summer highs average , because of the city's location inland from the Pacific Ocean in Southern California. The southeastern regions have a hot arid climate (Koppen ''BWh''), similar to that of the Sahara Desert. In the northern portion of the Mojave Desert on the east side of the state is Death Valley, which has recorded temperatures among the highest in the world. It is common in the summer for temperatures in the valley to reach . The highest reliably recorded temperature in the world,〔 (The 136 °F (57.8 °C), claimed by 'Aziziya, Libya, on September 13, 1922, has been officially deemed invalid by the World Meteorological Organization.)〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://wmo.asu.edu/world-highest-temperature )〕 , was recorded in Death Valley on July 10, 1913. Temperatures of or higher have been recorded as recently as 2005. The 24-hour average July temperature in Death Valley is (1981-2010 NCDC Normals). High and low average temperatures in various cities in California expressed in Fahrenheit and (Celsius) degrees 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Climate of California」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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